函   数:

Private Declare Function GetLogicalDriveStrings Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetLogicalDriveStringsA" (ByVal nBufferLength As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As String) As Long
Private Declare Function GetDriveType Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetDriveTypeA" (ByVal nDrive As String) As Long

Public Function CheckDrive() As Boolean
    Dim StrDrive As String
    Dim DriveID As String
    Dim i As Integer
    Dim m As Long
    Dim myDrive As Object
    
    CheckDrive = False
    StrDrive = String(100, Chr$(0)) '初始化盘符串
    m = GetLogicalDriveStrings(100, StrDrive) '返回盘符串
    For i = 1 To 100 Step 4 '注意这里是4
        DriveID = Mid(StrDrive, i, 3) '枚举盘符
        If DriveID = Chr$(0) & Chr(0) & Chr(0) Then Exit For '没有盘符,即时退出循环
        If GetDriveType(DriveID) = 2 Then
            Set myDrive = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetDrive(DriveID)
            If Not myDrive.IsReady Then Exit Function '如果磁盘不可用，就终止函数
            If myDrive.VolumeName = "RECOVERY" And myDrive.SerialNumber = "-1634556752" Then '“-1634556752”是我的U盘系列码，“RECOVERY”是我的U盘卷标，
                CheckDrive = True
            End If
        End If
    Next i
        
End Function

用   法:

If CheckDrive Then
    MsgBox "验证成功！"
Else
    MsgBox "验证失败！"
End If

预设U盘的SerialNumber和VolumeName，插入U盘后调用函数CheckDrive，返回Ture或者False。

参考文章:

通过FileSystemObject获取驱动器信息[Access软件网]
http://www.accessoft.com/article-show.asp?id=11459